A simple C++ example of performing a one-dimensional discrete convolution of real vectors using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) as implemented in the FFTW 3 library. This code is a simple and direct ...

This code example demonstrates the convolution theorem with the use of the Complex Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), complex-by-complex multiplication, and support functions, which are part of the ...

What on Earth is a discrete convolution? You might have seen the mathematical formula, but there is some good intuition that sadly isn’t explored much from an academic perspective. Here are the three ...

This video on Discrete Convolutions explains how CNNs “see” patterns and how signals combine mathematically. It breaks down the concept step by step, starting with clear intuition before moving into ...

Convolution is a ubiquitous process that serves to describe effects ranging from acoustic echoes to the blurring of photographic images. In optics and electrical engineering, many devices are ...

In modern technology, design of devices with the capability of shaping the electromagnetic (EM) waves is rapidly progressing. Understandably, as far as the far field is concerned, metasurface ...

Abstract: In this paper, a hybrid Discrete Singular Convolution - Finite Difference Frequency Domain (DSCFD) method with high-order accuracy is proposed. The proposed method discretizes the curl ...