Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries play a crucial role in modern energy storage systems, with their performance and longevity heavily dependent on accurately assessing their State of Health (SOH).

Physical neural networks (PNNs) are a class of neural-like networks that make use of analogue physical systems to perform computations. Although at present confined to small-scale laboratory ...

VFF-Net introduces three new methodologies: label-wise noise labelling (LWNL), cosine similarity-based contrastive loss (CSCL), and layer grouping (LG), addressing the challenges of applying a forward ...