This project implements an encoder-based measurement system and PID control for motor speed using Arduino. It includes pulse reading, speed calculation, and closed-loop PID control with simulation ...

With the increasing demand for automation and remote operation, controlling electrical devices without the need for physical access has become an important area of development in modern engineering.

Looking for a simple circuit to control the light intensity of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) or similar lighting sources? Here is an Arduino based circuit with three independent pulse width modulated ...

The creative adventures with ATtiny series microcontroller are awesome if you know how to play them. ATtinys — especially the ATtiny85s — are all around us, and by using one, we can shrink the size of ...

💡 Ever wondered how microcontrollers dim an LED or control motor speed with precision? 👉 Meet PWM – Pulse Width Modulation A clever digital technique that mimics analog control using fast ON/OFF ...

Among all the Arduino boards, the Uno is most folks' go-to choice, and for good reason. It's the perfect platform to get started with Arduino, it's capable enough to handle a wide range of tasks, and ...

In my previous article, I described the four most common methods for motor and pump control: input voltage, input voltage pulse-width modulation (PWM), external PWM, and 0–5V DC analog speed input.